Machine



(No Model.) 4 2 sheets sheet 1.

F. M. AVERY MAGERATING MAUHINE. N0. 307,702. v Patented Nova 4, 1884..

INVENTOR: /u

ATTURNEYSH N. PKTERS. Phflcihhngmphon Washington. D. C,

- (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. M. AVERY. MACERATING MACHINE.

No. 307,702. Patented Nov. 4, 1884.

-. INVENTOR:

ATTORNEYS.

M I BY N. PEYEns, Phnlo lilhugmphor. Waahinglon, 0.0.

Uhllllhfi drains Parent trio FRANK M. AVERY, OF BROOKLYN, NENV YORK.

MACERATHNG- MACl-HNE.

EPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,702, dated Novemberk188i Application filed July 24, 1884.

T0 (0Z7, 107mm 77mg concern:

(No model.)

the gudgeons Z Z, formed at the rear corners of Be it known that I,FRANK M. AVERY, of l the concave, and journaled in the blocks Z Z,

Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented anew and improved Macerating-Machine, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a grinding or crushing machine employing arevolving drum and concave, and intended more especially for niaceratingvegetable substances for obtaining the fibers and juices therefrom; andthe invention has for its object to produce an effective, cheap, anddurable machine of greatly simplified construction, the same beingadapted to be easily and quickly adjusted for different substances, andadapted to yield to avoid breakage in case any hard foreign substanceshould happen to enter the machine.

The invention consists of the construction, arrangement, and combinationof parts, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a broken end elevation of my new and improvedmaceratinganachine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same, and Fig. 8shows the preferred form of the concave.

The frame A of the machine is composed in this instance of the corneruprights, a a and b 1), lower cross-pieces, c 0, central uprights, (Z d,and upper crosspieces, c 0. The drum B is corrugated around its outersurface, as shown at f, and the shaft or gudgeons {1 thereofarejournaled in the blocks h, placed in corresponding upright slots, 6,made in the upper cross-pieces, c, of the main frame, and above theblocks h are placed in the slots 2' the springs j, which constantlyforce the drum downward and permit thedrum to yield or move slightlyupward in the frame in case any hard substance should happen to enterthe machine be tween the drum B and the concave G. The concave G isribbed or corrugated upon its inner surface, as shown at 7, and it isformed or provided with the end plates, 7; 7, which prevent the materialbeing treated from working out from between the drum and the concave, atthe ends thereof. The concave O is hinged in the main frame of themachine upon placed in corresponding horizontal slots, Z 1", made nearthe upper ends of the rear uprights, I), and the uprights b are eachprovided at the slots Z with the screws Z Z whereby the blocks Z may bemoved in the slots Z for adjusting the concave laterally, as will beunderstood from Fig. 1, to set the rear surface of the concave nearer toor farther away from the drum B, to regulate the degree of fineness towhich the machine will reduce the material being treated. At in, theconcave O is perforated for the escape of the juices crushed out of thematerial being macerated, and the concave is adapted to be adjustedvertically by means of the racks 0 0, formed on the concave, and thecog-wheels 1) p on shaft D, and the concave is made somewhat larger thanthe drum D; but it is not made in a true circle, being by preferencemade on a curve struck from two or more centers, as shown in Fig. 3, soas to preserve a decreasing ratio of opening from the feed-flange to theexit in the adjustment of the concave, and the concave is hinged to themain frame at a point slightly below a horizontal plane passing throughthe center of the drum B, so that the concave, when adjusted, willalways stand with the rear edge nearest to the drum B, leaving agraduallyincreasing depth of space between the drum and concave, fromthe rear to the front edge of the latter, as clearly shown in F1 1, sothat material fed over the flange q into the machine will be subjectedto a gradually-increasing grinding action and pressure until it isdischarged over the rear edge of the concave. The shaft D is journaledin the blocks r r, placed in the vertical slots 8 8, made in theuprights a a of the main frame A, and the blocks r r rest upon thesprings t t, so that the shaft and concave C (resting upon thecog-wheels p p on the shaft) have a cushioned support, which will permitthe concave G to yield in case any hard foreign substance happens toenter the machine, thus avoiding danger of breakage. The shaft D isprovided at one end with the ratchet a, with which the pawl e engagesfor holding the shaft D from backward movement of its own accord, andfor holding the shaft when turned to the proper position by the crank 10for raising or lowering the concave G. I

Constructed in the manner described, it will be seen that the machine isadapted to all the adjustments required, and that it is simple, cheap,and practical, and not liable to break or get out of order.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. In a macerating or grinding machine, the hingedconcave 0, partially surrounding the drum B and supported upon springs,whereby the concave is adapted to yield, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

2. The drum B of a macerating or grinding machine, having springs jplaced above the bearings 'of the drum, whereby the drum is adapted toyield, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, with the upwardlyyieldingdrum B, of thedownwardly-yieldin g concave O, substantially as described.

4. The concave C, hinged in the main frame 6. The concave 0, made on alarger circle than the drum 13, set eccentric thereto and hinged at apoint below the horizontal diam 'eter of the drum B, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

7. The hinged concave 0, formed with the cog-teeth 0, in combinationwith shaft D, having cog-wheels p, meshing with the cog-teeth 0, foradjusting the concave, substantially as described. V

8. The shaft D, having the cog-wheels p and supported upon the springss, in combination with the concave 0, formed with the racks 0,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

FRANK M. AVERY.

\Vi tnesses:

H. A. Wnsr, C. SEDGwIoK.

